This study investigates how the interaction affects how well 3D graphs are understood and remembered in virtual reality, and how individual differences in spatial ability affect and interact with memory and understanding.

The purpose of this study is to investigate psychobiological factors that impact the development and manifestation of eating disorder (ED) pathology in elite male and female athletes before and during their competitive season.

The purpose of this voluntary research study is to assess how changes in stress, cognitive flexibility, response inhibition, and reward delay predict the trajectory of eating disorder behaviors and associated side effects of energy deficiency from the off-season compared to the competitive season. Your participation in this study will last approximately the duration of one season of your sport, specifically 4-weeks of data collection prior to season commencement (baseline), 4-weeks of data collection during peak competition season, and 4-weeks of data collection during off-season. The total time spent in the lab will be approximately 10-14 hours. Procedures will occur three times and measurements will be taken twice following baseline measures (once during the peak competition season, once during off-season), if you agree to do so.

$50

The goal of this study is to measure emotional and brain responses related to the motivation to smoke cigarettes. The study uses a method called functional magnetic resonance imaging, or fMRI, which is a research method for measuring activity in the brain. The study also involves measuring moment-to-moment changes in emotion by coding facial expressions. A primary goal of the project is to examine how changes in brain activity are related to changes in emotion over time. If successful, the project will help to demonstrate the usefulness of combining fMRI and facial coding to study cigarette smoking and other harmful behaviors.

There will be two in-person visits. Brain imaging scans (using functional magnetic resonance imaging) will be completed at one of these visits.

100

In an increasingly global environment, both within the US and abroad, the ability to rapidly gain native-like linguistic competence is a critical asset. The ability to use an L2 in a way that is both expected and recognized by its native speakers is important both to the broad public, and to specific sectors, such as military personnel, that must develop native-like competence in a foreign language in a limited amount of time. The studies conducted under this IRB protocol will examine how learners/speakers of a second language acquire and process multi-word units (e.g., carry a business; run a store) in their second language, and how knowledge from the first language might influence the learning and processing of multi-word units in a second language.

Participants will complete a number of simple tasks on a computer in English and/or in Spanish (depending on language background).

$12/hour

This study will examine the effects of different brain games on cognitive and everyday activities in middle-aged and older adults. Participants will play either 20 or 40 hours of ENACT brain games on a study provided laptop. They will also complete daily surveys on a study-provided mobile phone for the duration of the study. These surveys will take approximately 5-6 minutes to complete per day. The study will last either 6 or 9 months depending on the brain game training time. The study will be done remotely from the comfort of home using study-provided mobile devices. Participants are compensated for their time.

Participants will play either 20 or 40 hours of ENACT brain games on a study provided laptop. They will also complete daily surveys on a study-provided mobile phone for the duration of the study. These surveys will take approximately 5-6 minutes to complete per day. The study will last either 6 or 9 months depending on the brain game training time. The study will be done remotely from the comfort of home using study-provided mobile devices.

$230

We used a combination of ecological modeling, procedural modeling, and virtual reality to provide an embodied experience of “walking through the forests of the future”. This study will provide empirical evidence of the effectiveness of this immersive experience based on users’ feedbacks on different kinds of tools we developed.

This research is being done to find out more about changes in the brain as we age and to determine if MRI, genetic (DNA) variations, and neuropsychological tests can be used to evaluate memory loss and cognitive impairment.

This is a self-report survey and questionnaire study that examines whether members of marginalized groups are more motivated than members of dominant groups to give referent power to high status others in attempts to belonging.

Children with attention and behavior problems often need external rewards to motivate them to perform challenging tasks, but we don’t yet know much about how children weigh potential rewards and the effort required to obtain the rewards. This research is being done to find out how children with varying levels of ADHD symptoms value rewards and costs when making decisions about whether or not to perform a difficult task.

There will be one in-person visit. Children will complete two computerized cognitive tasks (thinking games), and will be able to earn prizes from the points they earn on these tasks. Parents will also be asked to complete a few questionnaires that should take about 25 minutes to finish. Children can earn up to $50 in compensation for completing the study.

$50

Children of depressed mothers are at high risk for developing depression, particularly as youth age into adolescence, yet relatively little is known about the mechanism underlying risk for depression in youth with depressed mothers. The present study examines maternal reward responsiveness, measured across neurophysiological, behavioral, and self-report measures as a marker of depression in mothers of adolescents. Associations between maternal reward responsiveness and parenting difficulties often associated with maternal depression, as well as adolescent functioning will be examined, to explore the clinical impact of maternal reward responsiveness on the intergenerational transmission of depression.

The goal of this research is to understand the role of motion-processing areas on limb motor control. We will be using behavioral studies and combining that with functional brain imaging, EEG, and non-invasive brain stimulation using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). TMS has been used in thousands of studies and is a very safe method to understand brain function for eye hand coordination.

There will be three visits. Participants will under go brain scanning. They will perform eye-hand coordination tasks by grabbing a robotic manipulandum. During the eye-hand coordination tasks, participants' brain activity will be measured using electroencephalography (EEG) and muscle activity using surface electromyography (EMG). Researchers will also apply transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to temporarily inhibit and excite different brain areas. TMS is a noninvasive procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells

50

The purpose of this voluntary research study is to test if the drug amiloride can decrease blood pressure during exercise.

This project includes 3 visits to the research lab. Each visit last approximately 3.5-4 hours (~11-12 hours altogether). In each visit, you will be asked to perform foot exercise before and after a blood pressure cuff on your leg was inflated. You will also be asked to take pills prior to visit 2 and 3. One of these pills will be a drug called amiloride (10mg), which was traditionally used to lower blood pressure. The other pill will be a placebo (no active medication).

You will receive $25 per hour for your participation in this research study

The goal of this study is to learn how young children think and tell stories about challenges between parents and children. Children will play games and tell stories using toys while caregivers fill out surveys and talk to researchers. This will occur twice, about 6 months apart. Qualities of children's stories, their language and regulation skills, demographic information about children and caregivers, and parenting behaviors will be examined.

We will interview prescribers and rehabilitation professionals who have provided services and treatment to immigrants in PA with a history of opioid abuse. The goal is to highlight best practices, resources needed, cultural awareness, and training needs to support the rehabilitation and recovery of this client group.

One 45-minute, recorded interview via Zoom

$50.00 Amazon gift card

This study will involve surveying college students regarding their media literacy competencies and experiences with media literacy education.

This is an intervention study that will examine the effect of black raspberry lozenges on mouth cell DNA damage in smokers.

Following one week of being in the study you will be given black raspberry lozenges to take 5 times daily for 8 weeks. Afterwards you will participate in the study for an additional 4 weeks for a ‘wash-out’ period where no lozenges are given. During study visits you will be asked to complete questionnaires, provide a urine sample, and a mouth cell sample by brushing the inside of your cheek with a toothbrush. You will smoke as you normally do throughout the study. You will record cigarette and lozenge use every day. You will complete 2 phone call interviews about your 24-hour food intake during the beginning and the end of the study.

$380

This is a multi center clinical trial to test the efficacy of N-acetylcysteine for treatment of patients with active systemic lupus Erythematosus. Healthy control subjects who do not receive treatment are also recruited to serve as controls for the laboratory assays.

This is a clinical trial to be carried out in patients who have systemic lupus erythematosus. Participants will be asked to attend seven study visits over a period of 13 months. After an initial period where it will be determined that the patient can tolerate the medication, N-acetyl cysteine, then there will be a three-month double blind phase where the participant receives either the active treatment or a placebo. At each visit the participant will be asked to complete several questionnaires and blood and urine samples will be obtained. Healthy control individuals will be also enrolled for blood samples only; not for any treatment intervention.

$20 per visit completed

This is a behavioral study that will examine cognitive processes relevant for creative thinking. Participants will be asked to complete a series of cognitive tasks and self-report measures on a computer.

This study is looking at how different apple products (apple juice, apple sauce, and apple slices) might affect children's hunger and fullness. During 5 visits to our laboratory at Penn State, children will participate in a variety of games and tasks, and will eat meals and snacks with a research assistant. Children must be between the ages of 4.5-6 years old to participate in this study.

There will be 5 in-person visits. During each visit, children will consume an apple-based snack (apple slices, apple sauce, or apple juice) before a meal. Children will also wear a small heart rate monitor during each visit. On each visit, different games and tasks will be completed with the children while the parent completes various surveys.

$200-400

The purpose of this research study is 1.) to determine if Parkinson’s Disease (PD) causes changes in the way that people sense the movements of and forces produced by their bodies, and to connect any of these changes in sensation to changes in the brain, and 2.) to identify how changes in movement might come from different parts of the nervous system. This study will use a combination of electromyography, via electrodes placed on the skin, and finger force recordings to infer how PD affects patients' sense of force production, and the neural mechanisms underlying this change.

This study requires a single in-person visit. We will use adhesive skin sensors on the forearms to measure muscle activity. At the same time, we test the participant's finger strength and then ask them to press with moderate force on piano-key-like sensors. Participants will be asked to match force levels between hands and to move an on-screen cursor into a target.

$40.00

The purpose of this study is to find genetic causes of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). RPL is defined by two or more miscarriages under 20 weeks gestation and affects approximately 5% of women.The causes of RPL are not well understood. After all the currently recommended testing for RPL has been done, about half of women with RPL will still have no identifiable cause. This lack of knowledge makes it difficult to provide effective medical care for couples with RPL.This study will compare reading about 20000 genes in the entire human genetic library by whole genome sequencing in the miscarriage material and also your and your partner’s DNA from blood samples. The DNA in a person is a combination of the DNA from each of their biological parents. If you have healthy children we may ask your consent for them to give a blood sample for DNA extraction and testing. Similarly, we may ask the same for other family members such as grandparents if necessary. We may also request your permission to use stored DNA or miscarriage material from previous pregnancy loss if available. Testing of family members or previous miscarriage materials may help to understand DNA sequence variants or changes identified in the miscarriage sample.

There will be a one time collection of blood samples.

This research is being conducted to determine how oxygen extraction within exercising muscles is altered in younger and older women when beta-1 receptors (receptors that contribute to the rise in heart rate with exercise) are temporarily blocked through a medication infused into an arm vein. The findings will help us understand how aging affects the regulation of oxygen supply to working muscles is regulated with normal aging.

There will be 3 in person visits.Visit 1) Subjects will undergo a physical and one blood draw in the Clinical Research Center and then perform two recumbent cycling exercise trials on a stationary bike.Visit 2) Subjects will undergo a DXA scan and then perform two recumbent cycling exercise trials.Visit 3) Subjects will have an IV catheter inserted into an arm vein. They will then perform two recumbent cycling exercise trials. During one trial the will receive esmolol via the IV catheter and during the other they will receive saline via the IV catheter (random order).

$150

The purpose of this research is to investigate the associations between depressive symptoms and inflammation. The researchers are studying how specific symptoms of depression (such as fatigue, sadness, impaired concentration, and loss of pleasure) are related to markers of inflammation, which is a key component of our immune system. Volunteers with depressive symptoms, as well as volunteers without depressive symptoms are needed for this research study. This study includes an online survey to determine eligibility and one in-lab visit. Participants who are eligible will be scheduled for one in-lab visit (2.5-3h for participants with depressive symptoms & 1-2h for participants without depressive symptoms), where they will be asked to answer surveys with questions related to depressive symptoms and complete a number of tasks (using an iPad and a touch screen phone) that measure thinking skills including attention, memory and reaction time. Participants will also undergo a single blood draw to assess inflammatory markers.

Participation will require one in person visit at the CRC that takes from 1 to 1.5 hours total where they will have their blood drawn, fill out surveys about their mood, and complete cognitive tests.

30

The purpose of this research study is to see if we can use micro-doppler signal technology to determine if someone has had an ACL reconstruction in the past. We will do this by comparing a group of people who have had the surgery against a group who has never had this surgery to see if this technology can tell the difference.

If you join this study you would be asked to come to a one-hour appointment at the Lebanon Valley College campus in Annville, PA and perform a variety of activities that are part of daily life, such as walking, jumping, and standing from a seated position. We'll ask you to complete a questionnaire on any musculoskeletal pain you're experiencing and report your demographic information.

50

This study investigates users’ experience with Information and Communication Technology (ICTs). This study makes further implications for designing more user-friendly ICT for a better user experience. We aim to make such contributions by answering these questions:1.How do users interact with ICTs?2.What challenges do users face when using ICTs?3.What strategies do users apply to adapt themselves to ICTs?4.What service do ICT producers provide for users to get better user experience?5.When does user experience break down when interacting with ICTs?

This study seeks to understand substance use and other health behaviors in young adults' daily lives. Interested participants can email the study team to complete a brief screener to see determine their eligibility. If eligible, participants will be asked to complete a short online survey and follow-up surveys for up to four weeks via a mobile device. Financial compensation will be provided.

This study involves three parts. First, potential participants will complete an online screener survey. If they are eligible, they will be immediately enrolled in the study and will proceed to the baseline survey. Second, participants who have completed the baseline portion of the study will schedule an in-person visit with the research team for the next portion of the study. At the start of the in-person visit, participants will be oriented about the study design which involves completing daily surveys about various health behaviors. Third, participants will come back in-person for a brief final visit and receive payment.

76

Examine associations between biologic factors (genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic, metabolomic) and environmental factors (family psychosocial dynamics, environmental allergens, diet, microbiome) in developing children, and their relationship with health and disease over the lifespan.

Depending on the age your child is when they are enrolled into the study will determine their designated enrollment group (Cohort 1, Cohort 2, Cohort 3, or Cohort 4) to determine how many study visits are required to complete participation in the study.For Cohort 1 participants (for infants enrolled at age 5-50 days):-11 study visits total -Each study visit includes surveys that assess your child's growth and development that you can complete via your email-Each study visit includes at minimum a saliva swab sample**Infants will be asked to collect a stool sample for 3 study visits-Optional mother participant for breast-feeding mothers who will agree to provide a small breast milk sample for 3 study visits.For Cohort 2 participants (for children enrolled at age ~24 months):-8 study visits total -Each study visit includes surveys that assess your child's growth and development that you can complete via your email-Each study visit includes a saliva swab sample**Children will be asked to collect a stool sample for 1 study visitFor Cohort 3 participants (for children enrolled at age 5-7 years):-5 study visits total -Each study visit includes surveys that assess your child's growth and development that you can complete via your email-Each study visit includes a saliva swab sampleFor Cohort 4 participants (for children enrolled at age 12-14 years):-2 study visits total -Each study visit includes surveys that assess your child's growth and development that you can complete via your email-Each study visit includes a saliva swab sample

30-100

Anxiety can emerge as early as pre-school age (4-7) and is often linked to anxiety in the parent. This study will examine patterns of brain and behavioral synchrony in parent-child pairs as they complete puzzles together and other social activities.

Participation requires three steps; a remote video session with the primary parent, an in-lab visit scheduled with the primary parent and child, and then an additional set of questionnaires given to the secondary caregiver.The remote session consists of obtaining consent, 2 questionnaires, and a clinical interview. The in-lab visit typically lasts about 2-3 hours, consisting of two parent-child activities and several child-only activities. Participants will be asked to wear mobile eye-tracking glasses and special caps used to measures brain activity during some of the tasks.

$125, $100 for the primary parent/or child and $25 for secondary parent

The purpose of the study is to examine how individuals change over time and what impacts their development. In particular, we are interested in mental health outcomes in young adulthood. Participants will be required to complete a survey one time that will take about 10-15 minutes to complete. Participants will be eligible to win a $10.00 amazon gift card.

Sensory processing is often affected in children and adolescents with ASD (autism). The 8th sensory system, coined interoception, is under studied in how it affects children with autism. Our study will compare children with and without autism (ages 11-18 years) using a tool we are developing. Our study hopes to develop psychometric properties of a tool to measure this new sensory sense.