A solid tumor that has not responded to previous treatment.
Age must be 6 months or older to younger than 18 years of age.
Disease must be measurable by accepted tests.
Availability of tumor tissue at study enrollment is mandatory.
Prior treatment with cobimetinib or other similar drug.
Treatment with high-dose chemotherapy and stem-cell rescue within 3 months prior to the study.

age 18 to 65
symptomatic knee pain indicative of articular cartilage defects
inadequate response to conservative treatment
Full range of motion of the affected joint
Normally functioning contralateral knee
Severe obesity (BMI > 40)
Surgery on the contralateral knee within 6 months prior to the scheduled arthoscopy
intra-articular injections within 1 month of surgery
Prior release and excision of scar tissue except isolated lateral release on target knee
Prior surgical treatment using mosaicplasty, autologous chondrocyte implantation and/or microfracture on target knee (Note: prior debridement and lavage are acceptable if more than three months have passed.)

A diagnosis of leukemia, specifically de novo high B-ALL with eligible genetic changes.
Age must be greater than 1 year old and less than or equal to 21 years old at leukemia diagnosis.
Have completed an acceptable induction therapy either on study or by hospital standard of care.
Had any other chemotherapy before induction therapy, with exceptions.
Down Syndrome.

Parent of a child aged 5-12 with ADHD
Child must have mild to moderate symptoms of ODD
Not having a child ages 5-12 with ADHD
Non-English speaking
Child with ADHD has diagnosis of mental retardation or prominent traits of autism
No additional child in the family can be enrolled simultaneously in this study

Diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Diagnosed with long QT syndrome
18 to 60 years of age
Subjects who exercise and non-exercisers
Congestive heart failure
Health issues that would limit your ability to exercise
Left ventricular hypertrophy or prolonged QT which occur as part of multi-system disorder

Male or female age 45 or greater
Admitted to hospital due to blockages in arteries of the heart
Bypass surgery to treat your most recent heart event
Severe liver and/or kidney disease
Hemoglobin A1c greater than 10%
Triglyceride level greater than 500mg/dL

Be enrolled at Pennsylvania State University (University Park Campus)
Be between the ages of 18-22 years
Be a female college student
Be sexually active with male partners in the previous 3 months
Are not enrolled at Pennsylvania State University (University Park Campus)
Are under the age of 18 or over the age of 22.
Are not a female college student
Are not sexually active with male partners in the previous 3 months

Age: 1-4 years
Confirmed Diagnosis of Autism or Developmental Delay or Healthy Child
Wards of the state
Sensory Impairment (blindness/deafness)
Confounding neurological condition (cerebral palsy, epilepsy)
Gastrostomy Tube Dependence
Active Peridontal Disease

Ages 7--12 years
Elevated degree of conduct problems
IQ greater than 80
Diagnosis of an intellectual disability, psychosis, ASD, or a pervasive developmental disorder
Sever suicidality
Visual or hearing impairments

Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impariment
Normal Controls-Cognitively normal functioning
Neurological disease (e.g., stroke, tumor, Parkinson's disease, etc.)
Psychiatric disorder (e.g., bi-polar, schizophrenia, etc.)
History of chemotherapy
Presence of a cold or viral infection
Presence of a pacemaker, aneurysm clips, or any metal in body

Age >/=35 years
Do you have documented stenosis of your carotid?
Have you had any neurologic symptoms on the same side as your stenosis
No medical history of stroke or TIA on the same side as the stenotic vessel in the previous 180 days
If female, not pregnant
Prior stroke with residual disability
Symptomatic ICH within past 12 months
Chronic afib
Ejection fraction < 30%
Do you use an anticoagulant? What medication?

Diagnosis of ulcerative colitis for at least 90 days
Demonstrated an inadequate response to, loss of response to, or intolerance to steroids, immunosuppressants and/or biologic therapies
Have a current diagnosis of Crohn's disease, fulminant colitis and/or toxic megacolon
History of total colectomy or ileostomy
Taking a probiotic and has not been on a stable dose for at least 10 days

Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis
Current Depression
No current treatment for depression
Internet access
Between the ages of 18-65
No diagnosis of MS
No current psychotherapy for depression
No substantial neurocognitive impairments
Started anti-depressants in the last 2 months

be a native speaker of American English
have normal hearing
between 18 and 40 years of age
have no known speech, language, learning or neurological disorders
have very little experience in communicating with people that have motor speech disorders
younger than 18 years of age; older than 40 years of age
Not a speaker of American English only
With hearing impairment
have neurologic and/or speech/language disorders
have extensive experience in communicating with people that have motor speech disorders

had a baby in the last 24 months
had preeclampsia or did not have preeclampsia
had gestational diabetes
history of hypertension prior to pregnancy
current tobacco use
currently pregnant
currently taking medication to lower cholesterol

has a child with a physical disability or sensory disability
has a child that is enrolled in a disability or adapted sport program
has a child between the ages of 10 and 17
does not have a child with a physical or sensory disability
does not have a child with a disability between the ages of 10 and 17
does not have a child that plays a disability or adapted sport

Mild Atopic Dermatitis (AD) severity
Parent or legal guardian consent
History of Hep B, Hep C, or HIV
AD only on hands or feet

Penn State Hershey full time employee
Overweight or obese
Spend at least 5 hours per day sitting at a desk
Have eligible overweight/obese coworker who can do study together with you
18-70 years old
Currently pregnant
Planned surgical or medical treatment that will prevent ability to complete study
Heart condition, or chest pain during physical activity
Planned travel or relocation during study period
Already have desk cycling device or treadmill at desk

Ulcerative Colitis
On Humira/Imuran or 6-MP
IBD
Indeterminate Colitis
Crohn's Disease

Age 3 to 21 Inclusive
Cancer that has returned or is not responding to previous therapy
Has failed at least one prior therapy
Certain prior therapies

Corrected visual acuity of 20/25 or better
Patients with diabetes must be newly diagnosed, withing the last 5 years
Diabetics must have initial HbA1c of greater than 6.5 or a fasting glucose of 126 or higher
History of vitreous or retinal surgery
Lasix surgery
Previous ocular trauma
History of diabetic complications
Cataract surgery within 3 months of enrollment

Stage 1-3 breast cancer
Scheduled to start neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Sedentary
No heart disease
Stage 4 breast cancer
Heart disease
Non-English speaking

Age over 18 years old
Native Monolingual English Speaker
Right-handed
History of neurological injury or disease
Taking medications that affect the brain of blood flow
Contraindications to MRI (e.g., pacemaker)
Claustrophobia

Ages 11-18
Reading at 5th grade level in English
Healthy controls OR high functioning Autism
Unable to read at 5th grade reading level
Under age 11 or over age 18
Cannot read English

Healthy individuals without history of muscle disease or injury
Pregnant women
Allergy to ultrasound gels
contraindications to MRI scans

You must possess a valid and unrestricted driver’s license for at least two years, and display it to the experimenter
You must not be under the influence of alcohol, and have abstained from drinking alcohol for no less than 8 hours prior to participating in this study
You must have normal vision or correct vision wearing contact lenses.
Participants who doesn't possess a valid driver license will be excluded from the study
Participants who drinks alcohol within the 8 hours before the study will be excluded from the study
Participants who wear glasses will be excluded from the study

Diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Diagnosis of Fibromyalgia
Active or history of recurrent bacterial, viral or fungal infections
History of latent or active tuberculosis
History of blood clots in the past year

18-30 years
healthy weight
blood pressure <140/90 mmHg
no medications
overweight
high blood pressure
medication use
chronic disease

Women, Ages 18-45
Do or do not have endometriosis
Have normal blood pressure
Use of nicotine-containing products (e.g. smoking, chewing tobacco, etc.)
High Blood Pressure
Abnormal liver function
Known allergy statins (Lipitor)
Pregnant or Breastfeeding

Traveled to the U.S. with a spouse who was enrolled at Penn State
Understands spoken English
Is not a student at Penn State OR was not a student when you first arrived